I'm really glad that I went to hear His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama last night. We ran into Rasika Seva on the way there, so that made four of us with myself, Param, and Prahlad.
He spoke to a packed house at the Brisbane Entertainment Center. I took some notes during the speech, which in parts were verbatim, in other parts a summary. My idea was to capture the structure of his talk to be able to analyze it afterwards.
His message was universal, and his delivery authentic. Very nice. Props.
Here's the talk:
He shared how American graduate students go to help poor families, and this gives these families a sense of being part of society, cared for by society, and gives them more self confidence.
First of all he talked about the biological nature of compassion, talking about the first experience of compassion - that of the mother. This is compassion mixed with attachment, but nevertheless it is valuable.
1000 years ago people were taken care of by the church and the family. Today both of these have broken down. Students in schools in the US shoot the other students. The youth suicide rate in Japan is very high.
Now the church and family have broken. There has been a great separation of church and state. This is in some senses a good thing.
"Moral ethics must be based on religious faith" - next question: "What religion?"
Theistic religion, non-theistic religion?
Human ethics through religion is very difficult. So therefore separation of education and religion is a good idea. It is important.
Meanwhile in the education field we need some effort to educate warm-heartedness. On the basis of our common sense, our common feeling, and scientific findings.
The 21st century belongs to the young people.
What is the big mistake in the 20th century? We are relying more on force, including weapons.
There is no chance of using weapons out of compassion. Weapons are used out of hate, anger, and greed.
"Simply think of oneself and try to eliminate those who have a different view."
In the new century the way to handle this problem is through dialog, not through force.
It is impossible to eliminate the so-called "enemy". If you try to eliminate some people, their children, their grandchildren still remain. It is impossible to eliminate them. So some sort of animosity continues.
Actually, September 11 - that unbelievable event that took place in America, New York. The next day I wrote a letter to President Bush, because I already know him. President Bush as a human being - very nice person. I love him. As a President, something different case. As a person - very nice person.
I wrote a letter to express my sorrow and also my condolence. And I expressed the counter measure for this unbelievable tragedy, hopefully not violent. I expressed. So then from time to time I express that if you have a counter measure to terrorism, if this become wrong or more violent then after 5 or ten years, then 10 Bin Ladens, then 100 Bin Laden. Because of the human hatred. If someone unjustly or justly, the countermeasure, violent way, violence, counter-violence, violence - it goes continuously.
At that time I mentioned in Europe, in some places, best thing is: "meet bin Laden. What is his reasons to create such an atrocity? Listen, and talk." So now this century I always tell people: "20th century become century of war, century of bloodshed".
Although this century start not so good, much better. No blocs with nuclear weapons. Berlin wall gone. Soviet Union gone. So you see - these are healthy. There are some pockets of violence. Every day innocent people killed. Even the Muslims between themselves, Shia and Sunni - killing each other.
So we have to make every effort, and in our mind, particularly the young - this century should be century of dialog. Not century of violence.
So for that - firstly, so long as weapons there - the very purpose of weapon is to kill. So already fortunately, now the serious discussion or negotiation - reduce nuclear weapons. So that I call external disarmament. So for this to work faithfully, first "internal disarmament". These are the path of promotion of inner disarmament. Now the responsibility of our younger generation.
So to familiarise the value of kindness, love, compassion - this kind of movement is very very valuable. In the meantime, in school, special lessons that any problem solution is dialog. That kind of course help to find peaceful resolution - through dialog. So sometimes I tell people: "in the school, teaching the important of dialog, and spiritual reconciliation, students now familiarise their belief with these things, then when the student returns to home - if the parent is a little quarrel or fighting. Then the student says: "this is wrong. We need to solve the problem through dialog".
When we see a problem or conflict, our response is "how to use force?" this mood should change through training, through education, to "how to solve this through dialog". With respect. You should consider the other as part of yourself. Give benefit to other - this is to give benefit to yourself. According to this reality the idea of "we" and "they" is irrelevant. For thousands of years we separate and on that basis we create so-called "enemy".
So in ancient times, the enemy's interest and our interest is separate. So destroy the enemy is victory of ourselves.
Today this is irrelevant. Now everybody is part of yourself. Destroy your neighbour is destroy yourself. That's the new reality.
So keeping in mind these new realities: "Oh, part of myself?" Then the problem must be solved with family feeling.
Then from Australia, from Japan, from Europe, etc... same effort to apply these things. In this way, the later part of this century will be long lasting peace.
This is my #1 commitment.
My 2nd commitment is promotion of religious harmony. Which I spoke about yesterday, so I will not repeat it. Now I stop, my talk finished. Now some questions.
Q&A
Question: It is easy to forgive after some small harms. Your Holiness, please give us advice on forgiving after there has been great harm.
Answer: Yes it is quite serious question. I think that one method. What is the meaning of forgiveness? Not forget. Forgiveness, and forget - two different things. If you really forget then no meaning of forgive. You must remember what injustice they have done. Now, tolerance or forgiveness. Not on the basis of their unjust action. As far as unjust action is concerned - you have to oppose. Sometimes you have to take counter-measure. But forgiveness means, not losing compassion toward that person. Not sympathetic to their wrong action. You have to stop their wrong action our of compassion for that person.
If you let it continue, sooner or later they harm themselves. So out of compassion try to stop them
Forgiveness doesn't mean complete submission or giving in.
Make separation - the actor and the action. Action side oppose. Actor, still feeling - possibly become friend. Not let hatred feeling towards the person. I think I maybe interesting to refer. Recently I met one American. He came to my lecture in America on one occasion. He told me that after listening my talk on tolerance and compassion, his feeling toward his President and Vice-President changed from hatred. After my talk he made distinction. Policy he still opposed, but as a person he no longer felt hatred. That's the real meaning of forgiveness. OK.
Question: Your Holiness, what has been the most difficult personal challenge or struggle you have faced. And what has been the highlight of your life?
Answer: I think that I mentioned before. From age 16, now nearly 72, a lot of happy moments. A lot of difficult moments, so difficult to pick up one. One I remember, my doctorate of study, after finishing that - that day I felt very happy. That's one of the happiest days. Then at that time the situation in Lhasa, already very, very tense. Every Chinese official, not only the military barracks, with sandbags and machine guns ready to fire. Very tense. Under such circumstances, I completed the final examination. So that day I really felt very happy. That's one happy moment.
Then, another happy moment, I think 17 March, 1959, I escaped Tibet. I left Lhasa about 10 o'clock in the evening, 10 pm, Lhasa time. So, the whole night we walked and next morning we already reached an area, now no longer immediate trap of Chinese forces. So at this point very happy moment.
Then, very serious moment. Too much anxiety in the same night. 17th I left Lhasa, then crossed river, then other side. We had to go by boat. On other side of river, Chinese military control. So we can see some of the Chinese guard. Although we tried to hide, and not use flash, but the horses hoof made noise. So we really feel: "Oh, what will happen? If they open fire, we will be finished."
Then also, 10 March, 1959. Almost entire population of Lhasa came to Doblinga, in order to block my visit to Chinese military control, in order to show culture program. So that day I still remember - the weather, sunny day. I talk to some officials. Now things became really very serious, almost to point of complete breakage. We know Chinese might. Chinese military side - fully prepared. Any consequences. Then thousands gathered. So I thought: "Now things really become out of control. One way this day may be turning point."
So I still remember the officials and our conversation. Clear skies over Lhasa. Again, I came around 10 in the morning. I remember. So my whole life turned from that day. So one way, very unfortunate, we lost our country, and at least a million Tibetans died. At least half million killed, others died from starvation.
Now at least we meet new opportunity. Me personally, opportunity to meet new people. Tragedy helps me, makes me more realistic. If everything's ok, then there is possibility of pretend. When your situation is truly desperate, difficult then you have to accept reality.
The newspaper mentioned, I am type of person, "radically informal". So I have to accept that way. The formality is artificial barrier. No use.
I sit on throne, others on floor. Some rituals, some ceremony. The reality, very, very tense. But other people showing, there is no need of this. That's self-deceiving.
Sometimes when I meet important person outside Tibet, with lots of formality. I feel like laughing. Internally they are like myself, emotionally, but outside they make big show, with clothes and expensive ornaments. But open the door and inside so many dirty things are there. So too much formality, very silly.
(Lots of laughter and applause during this one)
So, next question.
Question: Your Holiness, on Tibet, how can you be in peace when China has annihilated your country?
Answer: If you are realistic person, then there is no other choice, isn't it? Of course there are a lot of problems, lot of causes for worry and suffering, but if you worry, then suffer more.
There was 8th century one famous Buddhist master - he mentioned: problem or tragedy, if there is solution then no need to worry, because there is way out. If there is no way out, then no use to worry.
As I mentioned earlier, we are practicing deliberately cultivating compassion, respect, forgiveness. As far as their action is concerned, we oppose it.
As a result, many Chinese they show us real appreciation. And they show us a sense of solidarity. So there are also reasons to feel happy, isn't it.
I think also it is important holistic view. If you pick up one negative thing, then your worry, sadness increase. If you understand bigger picture then happiness comes.
So we lost our country, as I said, one sad thing. But so many opportunities have come, so many encouraging things are also there.
So whenever you face some problems, and also some good things, you should look more holistically. Then, towards ups and downs, not overjoyed, overwhelmed with sadness.
Not realistically. In reality there are positive things, negative things. What do you think?
Question: Your Holiness, will Queensland win the State of Origin?
Answer: In that field, my knowledge is very, very limited. And actually, I am not much interested in these things.
(Laughter and applause)
Question: For non-Buddhists who want to incorporate Buddhist teachings into our lives, can you give us some strategies to eliminate negative emotions such as anger and hatred from our lives.
Answer: Of course, practice of compassion, tolerance, forgiveness, love. These things. (Here he mentions a book whose name I didn't catch)
I think worthwhile read the sixth chapter of that book.
I think there is a lot of argument or reasoning from different angles. But many argument or reasoning is common to everybody.
Ninth chapter is serious debate on soul, God, creator, so don't look at that chapter. Only sixth chapter, eighth chapter, finished.
(Applause)